Bordetella pertussis and bordetella parapertussis insights. Au gu st 20 08 5 w e st er n j ou rn al of emergency medicine. The typical incubation period is 7 to 10 days, but it may be as long as 21 days. Bordetella parapertussis eldering and kendrick morenolopez. The possibility thatbordetella pertussis was converted tobordetella parapertussis during this outbreak is discussed. In the prevaccination era, the relative frequency rates of b parapertussis isolates varied from 1% to 35% of bordetella isolates, 24 and similar frequency rates, from 2% to 25%, were also found during recent acellular vaccine efficacy trials. The lightcycler instrument platform amplifies and monitors the development of target nucleic acid sequences by fluorescence after each cycle of pcr. Bordetella was isolated from all of the eswabs after 96 hours of refrigerated storage. Improving specificity of bordetella pertussis detection using a. Sizeable outbreaks of pertussis have been reported over the past 5 years, and disease reemergence has been the focus of international attention to develop a deeper understanding of pathogen virulence and genetic. Af157361 bordetella parapertussis strain atcc 15311 pertussis toxin gene, promotor region. The assay is based on amplification of a fragment from the repeat sequence regions is481 and is1001 found in b. Bordetella pertussis is an obligate human pathogen and is the causative agent of whooping cough pertussis.
Bordetella bronchiseptica, bordetella parapertussis, and bor detella pertussis. Bordetella pertussis is a fastidious gramnegative coccobacillus responsible for the respiratory infection commonly known as whooping cough. The assay uses the repetitive 50100 copies insertion sequence is481 found in bordetella pertussis and the repetitive. The genus bordetella comprises several species, three of which, bordetella pertussis, bordetella parapertussis, and bordetella bronchiseptica, are important pathogens of mammalian hosts. Bordetella parapertussis box 1 bordetella parapertussis can cause signs and symptoms similar to pertussis, and surveillance for bordetella pertussis could encompass lab testing for bordetella parapertussis depending on the countrys objectives. Bordetella pertussis is a gramnegative, aerobic, pathogenic, encapsulated coccobacillus of the genus bordetella, and the causative agent of pertussis or whooping cough. In order to achieve the above object, the present inventors firstly cultured bordetella parapertussis. Cn101795706b bordetella parapertussiscontaining whole. The isdh 2a pertussis collection kit is required for submitting np swabs. The infection is known to cause lifethreatening complications among infants and small children, leading to an estimated 195,000 deaths annually around the world. Pdf prevalence of bordetella pertussis and bordetella. Prevalence of bordetella pertussis and bordetella parapertussis in samples submitted for rsv screening. Currently, national guidelines for prevention and control of parapertussis are not available and are needed to facilitate decision.
The differentiation of bordetella parapertussis and bordetella. This study aimed to validate a comprehensive diagnostic protocol based on realtime pcr for the rapid detection and identification of bordetella pertussis, bordetella parapertussis, and bordetella holmesii, as well as its implementation in the diagnostic routine of a reference childrens hospital. Comparison of culture and pcr for detection of bordetella. Pdf comparative analysis of the genome sequences of bordetella. This assay targets the bordetella pertussis insertion sequence. Of these kits, the simplexa bordetella assay focus diagnostics, the smartcycler bordetella pertussis parapertussis assay cepheid, and the bordetella rgene. They are almost identical at the dna level and produce many similar virulence factors. Bprp bordetella pertussis and bordetella parapertussis, molecular detection, pcr, varies. Bordetella bordetela, a genus of strictly aerobic bacteria family brucellaceae containing minute, gramnegative nonspore. Availability of polymerase chain reaction pcr testing and primers to differentiate between bordetella spp. Pdf bordetella pertussis, bordetella parapertussis and bordetella bronchiseptica are closely related gramnegative. Widespread bordetella parapertussis infections 2012. Several commercial kits are available for bordetella pertussis andor bordetella parapertussis detection in clinical specimens and these include an internal control to detect inhibitors.
Bordetella pertussis, bordetella parapertussis, and related. Comparison of media for agar dilution susceptibility testing of bordetella pertussis and bordetella parapertussis. Parapertussis is a bacterial illness that is similar to pertussis whooping cough but is typically milder and infection may be asymptomatic. Validation and implementation of a diagnostic algorithm for. Preferred diagnostic test for the detection of bordetella pertussis or bordetella parapertussis. May 16, 2012 bordetella pertussis whooping cough dr. Bordetella pertussis is the highly contagious etiological agent of pertussis or whooping cough. Specimens collected from the throat are not recommended. The clinical trial conducted in italy to evaluate the efficacy of acellular pertussis vaccines provided an opportunity to estimate the frequency of clinical infections with bordetella parapertussis and to compare the clinical characteristics of children suffering from bordetella pertussis illness with those of children with b. Their data showed no withinhost competition between b. Technical document guidance and protocol for the use of rtpcr for diagnosis of bordetella infections 1 1 introduction whooping cough is a bacterial respiratory infection caused by bordetella pertussis. Bordetella definition of bordetella by medical dictionary. Despite vaccination efforts, b pertussis remains common in the united states, underscoring the need for effective diagnostic tests.
The organism is spread by respiratory droplets and is highly contagious among close contacts. Bordetella avium is a bird pathogen, whereas the remaining bordetella species are rarely isolated from clinical specimens, although some of them may be. Molecular diagnostics, mpls campus only phone numbers. A pcr assay for the detection of bordetella pertussis and bordetella parapertussis was compared with the conventional culture method under routine laboratory conditions. Detection of bordetella pertussis andor bordetella parapertussis dna by pcr from symptomatic patients suspected of having pertussis whooping cough. Bordetella parapertussis and bordetella bronchiseptica. In the prevaccination era, the relative frequency rates of b parapertussis isolates varied from.
Preferred specimen is nasopharyngeal np swab aspirate prior to antibiotic treatment. Pertussis case reporting and investigation protocol. This is in contrast to other experience in the united states where parapertussis has comprised parapertussis pertussis is also known as whooping cough. This assay targets the bordetella pertussis insertion sequence is481 and bordetella parapertussis insertion sequence is1001. Symptoms pertussis is a respiratory illness that begins with a catarrhal stage with coldlike symptoms, progresses to severe paroxysms of cough, and evolves into a convalescent stage.
Comparative analysis of the genome sequences of bordetella. The pathogenetically important difference between the two is that b parapertussis does not secrete pertussis toxin. It is intended to provide a wholecell bacterial vaccine composition for preventing whooping cough derived from bordetella parapertussis containing the whole cell of bordetella parapertussis, a homogenate of the whole cell or a cell lysate as an immunogen, and a method for producing the same. Bordetella pertussis, bordetella parapertussis and bordetella bronchiseptica are closely related gramnegative. Bordetella parapertussis eldering and kendrick moreno. Communicable disease case reporting and investigation protocol. In the united states, pertussis is most common in the late summer months. Bordetella pertussis, bordetella parapertussis, and. This assay is not meant to be used for testing asymptomatic patients. To compare the incidence, clinical course, and serologic response to bordetella antigens in patients with parapertussis and pertussis. It is characterised by paroxysmal cough, whoop and posttussive vomiting. Slack, in infectious diseases fourth edition, 2017. Bordetella pertussis pertussis american academy of. Diagnosis of bordetella pertussisparapertussis infection.
Currently, national guidelines for prevention and control of parapertussis are not. The genus bordetella comprises gramnegative betaproteobacteria including three species which are human pathogens. Bordetella parapertussis is a small gramnegative bacterium of the genus bordetella that is adapted to colonise the mammalian respiratory tract. Evaluation of pcr for diagnosis of bordetella pertussis. This study describes a realtime pcr assay for the detection and identification of bordetella pertussis and bordetella parapertussis. Parapertussis is caused by the bacterium bordetella.
Yuan xie, huong mai, jules chen, michelle tabb download pdf. The assay uses the repetitive 50100 copies insertion sequence is481 found in bordetella pertussis and the repetitive 3550 copies insertion sequence is1001 found in b parapertussis as targets. If you continue browsing the site, you agree to the use of cookies on this website. Bordetella pertussis pertussis american academy of pediatrics. Title bordetella pertussis bordetella parapertussis. Widespread bordetella parapertussis infectionswisconsin. Bordetella pertussis and bordetella parapertussis are aerobic, small nonmotile, gramnegative coccobacilli that cause a disease called pertussis. The differentiation of bordetella parapertussis and bordetella bronchiseptica from humans and animals as determined by dna polymorphism mediated by two different insertion. Describe the proper collection and transport of specimens for the detection of b. The sanger institute has been funded by the wellcome trust to sequence the genomes of bordetella pertussis strain tohama i, b. Whooping cough caused by bordetella pertussis and bordetella.
Pdf whooping cough is a vaccine preventable disease due to bordetella pertussis and bordetella parapertussis. O antigen protects bordetella parapertussis from complement. The latter generally has a milder clinical presentation, but it is not easily distinguished from b. In conclusion, pcr is a valuable complement to cultures and can probably replace cultures for diagnosis of b. The new algorithm included a triplex quantitative pcr qpcr targeting is 481 gene in b. Bordetella pertussis, a causative agent of whooping cough, expresses brka, which confers serum resistance, but the closely related human pathogen that also causes whooping cough, bordetella parapertussis, does not. It is shown here that these two species possess but do not express the complete toxin operon. U04949 bordetella parapertussis atcc 15311 16s rrna, partial sequence.
Bordetella parapertussis causes a milder form of disease in humans and also causes respiratory infections in sheep. Development of a realtime pcr for the identification of. Do pertussis vaccines protect against bordetella parapertussis. Bordetella pertussis and bordetella parapertussis are closely related species. This is in contrast to other experience in the united states where parapertussis has comprised bordetella pertussis is a gramnegative, aerobic, pathogenic, encapsulated coccobacillus of the genus bordetella, and the causative agent of pertussis or whooping cough. The high sensitivity of amplification by pcr requires the specimen to be processed in an environment in which contamination of the specimen by bordetella pertussis or bordetella parapertussis dna is unlikely submit only 1 of the following specimens. Whooping cough is caused by bordetella pertussis and bordetella parapertussis. The genus bordetella includes three primary human pathogens. Describe the three stages of pertussis, including the duration and symptoms. Detection and differentiation of bordetella targets is performed through melting curve analysis. May 01, 2018 bordetella pertussis is a fastidious gramnegative coccobacillus responsible for the respiratory infection commonly known as whooping cough. Mixed outbreak of bordetella pertussis and bordetella parapertussis. Title bordetella pertussis bordetella parapertussis specimen requirements 1. The outbreak period was 1 october 2011 december 2012.
Bordetella parapertussis an overview sciencedirect topics. During 1974, eight of 37 22% bordetella organisms isolated from patients in cincinnati were bordetella parapertussis. Bordetella pertussis, bordetella parapertussis and bordetella bronchiseptica. Number of reported cases of bordetella pertussis and b. Bordetella parapertussis causes a similar, but generally less severe illness. Both are responsible for outbreaks of whooping cough in humans and produce similar virulence factors, with the exception of pertussis toxin, specific to b. Whooping cough is mostly associated with bordetella pertussis infection, but bordetella parapertussis is also responsible for a whooping coughlike disease 14, 16, 21. State the normal habitat and routes of transmission for bordetella pertussis and bordetella parapertussis. Bordetella pertussis and bordetella parapertussis cause whooping cough in humans. Pertussis toxin, the major virulence factor of bordetella pertussis, is not produced by the closely related species bordetella parapertussis and bordetella bronchiseptica. Pertussis is a severe respiratory infection caused by bordetella pertussis, and in 2008, pertussis was associated with an estimated 16 million cases and 195,000 deaths globally. In contrast, vaccination led to a 40fold enhancement of b. Pdf the differentiation of bordetella parapertussis and.
Aug 10, 2003 bordetella pertussis, bordetella parapertussis and bordetella bronchiseptica are closely related gramnegative. Infection with other bordetella species bordetella parapertussis, rarely bordetella holmesii or bordetella bronchiseptica can also cause pertussislike illness 1, 815, and in the absence of laboratory confirmation might contribute to the number of reported or perceived pertussis cases. Simplexa bordetella direct was capable of directly detecting and differentiating bordetella pertussis and bordetella parapertussis from nasopharyngeal swab specimens. Bordetellaparapertussisisasmallgramnegativebacteriumofthegenusbordetellathatis adaptedtocolonisethemammalianrespiratorytract. Parapertussis pcr, using primers bppa and bppz, was positive in 11 of 18 culturepositive cases and was confirmed by serology in another 4 cases. The automated detection of amplified products is based on the fluorescence resonance energy transfer fret principle. Current pertussis wholecell vaccine will soon be replaced by acellular vaccines containing major adhesins filamentous hemagglutinin and pertactin.
1246 1425 358 971 636 1278 679 20 767 1194 1381 866 1478 358 443 483 1574 1171 193 543 1243 1247 845 740 163 842 837 1125 250 777 1276 1484 68 996 1045 571